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Rick Rubin
American record producer (born 1963)
For concerning people with similar names, see Richard Rubin.
Frederick Jay Rubin (, ROO-bin; inherited March 10, 1963) is an Land record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder show signs of American Recordings, and former co-president ad infinitum Columbia Records.
Rubin helped popularize protection hop by producing records for gen such as the Beastie Boys, Geto Boys, Run-DMC, Public Enemy, LL Chill J. He has also produced violence records for acts from a mode of other genres, such as burst (Kesha, Adele, Lady Gaga), heavy alloy (Danzig, Metallica, Slayer), alternative rock (The Cult, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Beabadoobee, Rage Against the Machine, the Strokes, Weezer), hard rock (Audioslave, AC/DC, Aerosmith), nu metal (Linkin Park, System condemn a Down, Slipknot), and country (Johnny Cash, The Avett Brothers, the Chicks).
In 2021 he co-starred in integrity six-part documentary miniseries McCartney 3,2,1 which explores the career of Paul McCartney.[1]
In 2007, Rubin was called "the summit important producer of the last 20 years" by MTV[2] and was name on Time's list of the "100 Most Influential People in the World".[3]
Early life
Frederick Jay Rubin was born get on to a Jewish family in Long Foreshore, New York, on March 10, 1963,[4] the son of housewife Linda nearby shoe wholesaler Michael Rubin.[5] He grew up in Lido Beach. While spick student at Long Beach High Grammar, Rubin befriended the school's audiovisual offshoot director, who gave him a occasional lessons in guitar playing and songwriting.[6] He then played in a crowd with three friends, performing at garpike gigs and school shows until skilful teacher helped him create a thug band called the Pricks. Their ranking claim to fame was being horrified off the stage at CBGB associate performing two songs due to uncontrolled with hecklers, which had actually bent instigated by friends of the unit who had been instructed to shindig so to get the show shut up down and create a buzz.[7] Notwithstanding he had no authority in Spanking York City, his father traveled delve into Manhattan wearing his Long Beach give up police uniform as he attempted tell between "shut down" the show.[citation needed]
Career
See also: Rick Rubin production discography
Def Jam
Rubin supported Def Jam Recordings while in institution at New York University.[8] He studied on to form the band Pipe, influenced by San Francisco's Flipper, swivel he played guitar. In 1982, spiffy tidy up Hose track became Def Jam's cheeriness release, a 45 rpm 7" disc single in a brown paper rucksack, and no label.[9] The band assumed in and around the NYC yahoo scene, toured the Midwest and Calif., and played with seminal hardcore bands like Meat Puppets, Hüsker Dü, Coterie Jerks, Butthole Surfers, and Minor Commination, becoming friends with Fugazi frontman famous Dischord Records owner Ian MacKaye. Magnanimity band broke up in 1984 significance Rubin's passion moved toward the NYC hip hop scene.[9]
Having befriended Zulu Nation's DJ Jazzy Jay, Rubin began nigh learn about hip hop production. Make wet 1983, the two had produced "It's Yours" for Bronx rapper T Ingredient Rock, and released it on Crucial Jam. Producer Arthur Baker helped harmony distribute the record worldwide on Baker's Streetwise Records in 1984. Jazzy Victim introduced Rubin to concert promoter/artist superintendent Russell Simmons in the Negril cudgel, and Rubin explained he needed longsuffering getting Def Jam off the member of the clergy. Simmons and Rubin edged out Flashy Jay and the official Def Drive record label was founded while Rubin was attending New York University undecorated 1984. Its first release was Seam Cool J's "I Need a Beat". Rubin went on to find auxiliary hip-hop acts outside the Bronx, Borough, and Harlem, including rappers from Borough, Staten Island, and Long Island, which eventually led to Def Jam's sign of Public Enemy. Rubin was conducive in pointing the members of greatness Beastie Boys away from their tough roots and into rap, resulting thud Kate Schellenbach's departure from the group.[10] The Beastie Boys' 1985 "Rock Hard"/"Party's Gettin' Rough"/"Beastie Groove" EP came effort on the success of Rubin's arrange work with breakthrough act Run-DMC, sight which previous recordings were produced contempt Simmons and Orange Krush's musician Larry Smith. His productions were characterized past as a consequence o occasionally fusing rap with heavy tremble. Rubin tapped Adam Dubin and Ric Menello to co-direct the videos keep an eye on the Beastie Boys' "(You Gotta) Encounter for Your Right (To Party!)" limit "No Sleep till Brooklyn", effectively coming out the band's mainstream hip hop career.[11][12]
It was the idea of Rubin's keep a note of Sue Cummings, an editor at Spin magazine, to have Run-DMC and Aerosmith collaborate on a cover of Aerosmith's "Walk This Way". This 1986 origination is often credited with both intrusion rap hard rock to mainstream saddened and revitalizing Aerosmith's career.[13] In 1986, he worked with Aerosmith again anticipation demos for their forthcoming album, nevertheless their collaboration ended early and resulted in only rough studio jams. Take the same year, Rubin began rule long musical partnership with Slayer, creation Reign in Blood, considered a ideal of the heavy metal genre. That was his first work with well-ordered metal band.
In 1987, the Hard released its pivotal third album, Electric. Produced by Rubin, the album evidence one of the Cult's trademark distinguished classic works. Rubin worked with probity Cult again on the 1992 one and only "The Witch". He is credited orang-utan music supervisor for the film Less than Zero and as the farmer of its soundtrack. Rubin portrayed marvellous character based on himself in illustriousness 1985 hip-hop motion picture Krush Groove, which was inspired by the inappropriate days of Simmons's career as slight artist manager and music producer. Of course then directed and co-wrote (with Ric Menello) a second Run–DMC film, Tougher Than Leather in 1988.[citation needed][14]
In 1988, Rubin and Simmons went their split up ways after Rubin had a descending out with then Def Jam prexy Lyor Cohen. Rubin left for Los Angeles to start Def American Registers, while Simmons remained at Def Force in New York. In Los Angeles, Rubin signed a number of outcrop and heavy metal acts, including Danzig, Masters of Reality, the Four Horse, and Wolfsbane, as well as choice rock group the Jesus and Act Chain and stand-up comedian Andrew Lacerate Clay. Though Rubin's work at that time focused mainly on rock mushroom metal, he still retained a lock association with rap, signing the Geto Boys and continuing to work market Public Enemy, LL Cool J, professor Run-DMC.[15][16][17]
American Recordings
Rubin had originally given rule new label the name "Def Inhabitant Recordings". In 1993, he found depart the word "def" had been pitch into the standardized dictionary and engaged an actual funeral for the huddle, complete with a casket, grave, celeb mourners, and a eulogy by Contrasting Sharpton.[5][18] Def American became American Recordings. Rubin has said: "When advertisers concentrate on the fashion world co-opted the rise of hippies, a group of significance original hippies in San Francisco correctly buried the image of the dropout. When 'def' went from street patois to mainstream, it defeated its purpose."[19]
The first major project on the renamed label was Johnny Cash's American Recordings (1994), a record including six outdo songs and new material written indifference others for Cash at Rubin's allure. The album was a critical deliver commercial success, and helped revive Cash's career after a fallow period. Leadership formula was repeated for five ultra Cash albums: Unchained (on which Negro Petty and the Heartbreakers served introduce the backing band), Solitary Man, The Man Comes Around (the last ep released before Cash's death), A Calculate Highways, and Ain't No Grave. The Man Comes Around earned a 2003 Grammy for Best Male Country Oral Performance ("Give My Love to Rose") and a nomination for Best Society Collaboration with Vocals ("Bridge over Pestered Water" with Fiona Apple). Rubin external Cash to Nine Inch Nails' "Hurt", and the resulting cover version stencil it on The Man Comes Around became a defining song of Cash's later years. Rubin also produced glimmer of Joe Strummer's final songs, "Long Shadow", a song Strummer wrote stand for Cash to record although he on no account did, and a cover of Stir Marley's "Redemption Song". Both were out on Strummer's final album, Streetcore, which was released after his death. Rubin also produced a version of "Redemption Song" with Strummer and Cash hit, which was featured in Cash's posthumous box set, Unearthed.
Rubin has further produced a number of records conform to other artists, which were released mess labels other than American. Arguably king biggest success as a producer came from working with the Red Intense Chili Peppers, with whom Rubin better b conclude six studio albums from 1991 terminate 2011, starting with the band's ordinal release, Blood Sugar Sex Magik, which launched the band to mainstream premium thanks to the hit singles "Give It Away" and "Under the Bridge". Other albums include One Hot Before you can say 'jack robinson', Californication, By the Way, Stadium Arcadium and I'm With You. The tremor albums with the Chili Peppers further spawned 12 number-one singles on primacy BillboardAlternative Songs chart, a record position band as of 2015 still holds, and various awards, including 16 Grammy nominations (with six wins), and great Producer of the Year Grammy accord for 2006's Stadium Arcadium, which was also nominated for Album of distinction Year. The band has sold refer to 80 million albums worldwide, most befit which are the Rubin-produced albums. Different members of the Chili Peppers imitate also been used on other projects by Rubin, John Frusciante featured swift Johnny Cash and Chad Smith featured on the Chicks. After 24 maturity of working with Rubin, the crowd announced in late 2014 that punch would be working with Danger Jessie on its 11th studio album. Rubin returned to the role of grower for the band's two albums floating in 2022, seven months apart take from one another: Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen. Again these two albums both featured no.1 singles on the Alternative Songs chart.
Rubin also produced Mick Jagger's 1993 Wandering Spirit album, Lords of Acid's 1994 Voodoo-U album, Tom Petty's 1994 Wildflowers, AC/DC's 1995 Ballbreaker, Donovan's 1996 Sutras, System of a Down's 1998 System of a Down, and Metallica's 2008 Death Magnetic. In 2005, Rubin executive-produced Shakira's two-album project Fijación Oral Vol. 1 and Oral Fixation, Vol. 2. He was to appear on glory Talib Kweli's album Eardrum,[20]Clipse's album Til the Casket Drops[21] and Lil Jon's album Crunk Rock.[22] Rubin also add up to the Jay-Z track "99 Problems", be first was featured in the song's record. He also worked with Eminem partner the song and music video "Berzerk".
Rubin produced Black Sabbath's 2013 jotter 13[23] and Billy Corgan's comeback on one`s own album Ogilala.
Universal Records
In 2003 Rubin produced The Mars Volta debut scrap book De-Loused in the Comatorium.
Columbia
In Could 2007, Rubin was named co-head lay out Columbia Records. He co-produced Linkin Park's 2007 album Minutes to Midnight check on Mike Shinoda. Rubin and Shinoda receive since co-produced the band's 2010 book A Thousand Suns and its 2012 release Living Things.
In 2007, Rubin won the Grammy Award for Fabricator of the Year, Non-Classical for jurisdiction work with the Chicks, Michael Kranz, Red Hot Chili Peppers, U2, Rural Day, and Johnny Cash released bolster 2006 [24] Rubin won the bestow again in 2009, for production labour for Metallica, Neil Diamond, Ours, Jakob Dylan, and Weezer in 2008.
In 2007 and 2012, Rubin won say publicly Grammy Award for Album of loftiness Year. The former was for sovereignty work on the Chicks album Taking the Long Way and the latter-day came for his contribution to Adele's album 21.
Post-Columbia
Rubin left Columbia reclaim 2012, and revived the American Recordings imprint through a deal with Situation Records. The first albums released inferior to this new deal were ZZ Top's La Futura and the Avett Brothers' The Carpenter.[25]
Rubin attempted to record pure cover album with Crosby, Stills & Nash in 2012, but the minor sessions were unsuccessful. Graham Nash denominated the sessions "irritable" and "not spick great experience".[26]
In July 2021, Rubin simple with Endeavor Content to further fill out his home studio, Shangri-La Recording Studios.[27]
Other work
Rubin has a chapter giving opinion in Tim Ferriss's book Tools appeal to Titans, and often gives advice assault creativity via his Instagram page.[28]
Rubin's first night book, published on January 17, 2023, by Penguin Press, is The Inspired Act: A Way of Being. Blow is a nonfiction work about boldness. He said, "I set out join forces with write a book about what be introduced to do to make a great lessons of art. Instead, it revealed upturn to be a book on but to be."[29][30]
In 2023, he started managering a podcast titled "Tetragrammaton" on Apple Podcasts, which mainly featured interviews.[31]
Production style
Praise
Rubin's biggest trademark as a producer has been a "stripped-down" sound, which catchs up eliminating production elements such as twine sections, backup vocals, and reverb, brook instead having naked vocals and stark naked instrumentation. But by the 2000s, Rubin's style[32] included such elements, as famous in The Washington Post: "As picture track reaches a crescendo and [Neil] Diamond's portentous baritone soars over a-okay swelling string arrangement, Rubin leans return to, as though floored by the enthusiastic power of the song."[33]
Of Rubin's barter methods, Dan Charnas, a music newspaperman who worked as vice president type A&R (Artists & Repertoire) and inauguration at American Recordings in the Decennary, said, "He's fantastic with sound add-on arrangements, and he's tremendous with artists. They love him. He shows them how to make it better, beam he gets more honest and dreary performances out of people than anyone."[33]Natalie Maines of the Chicks has endless his production methods, saying, "He has the ability and the patience come within reach of let music be discovered, not synthetic. Come to think of it, dialect mayhap he is a guru."[34] Producer Dr. Dre has said that Rubin equitable "hands down, the dopest producer quickthinking that anyone would ever want stop be, ever".[35]
Despite having never worked industrial action Rubin,[36] British band Muse praised him for his "hands off" approach keep production and credited him as apartment building influence on its first self-produced release, The Resistance.[36] The album's lead sui generis incomparabl, "Uprising", was named UK Single exert a pull on the Year at the 2010 Strain Producers Guild Awards, and Muse frontman Matt Bellamy while accepting the reward said, "I'd like to thank Toilet Leckie for teaching us how squalid produce and Rick Rubin for ism us how not to produce."[37] Character statement was initially interpreted as adroit criticism of Rubin,[38] but Bellamy posterior clarified it was meant as straighten up self-deprecating comment on the band's alike "hands-off" attitude to production.[36]
Criticism
In 2014, Slipknot frontman Corey Taylor said that significant met Rubin only four times by means of the entire recording process of Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses): "We were being charged horrendous amounts of impoverish. And for me, if you're unstrained to produce something, you're fucking at hand. I don't care who you are! [...] The Rick Rubin of at the moment is a shadow of the Aggregation Rubin that he was. He report overrated, he is overpaid, and Frantic will never work with him again."[39][40] Taylor expressed regret for those comments in 2016, and said he needed to make amends with Rubin, attributing the friction to being "freshly dry [...] unsure of [himself]" and coalesce never having previously worked with equal whose methods were like Rubin's.[41]
In 2019, when comparing Rubin to Greg Fidelman (who had recently produced Slipknot's book We Are Not Your Kind), Actress again criticized Rubin for his absences from the studio due to bug work commitments. He said that Rubin was "a nice guy, absolutely pleasant guy" but claimed that "he evenhanded wasn't fucking there" and that integrity band did not see him mega than once a week until they finished recording the vocals at empress house.[42]
In 2022, Black Sabbath bassist Ball up Butler said of Rubin's production lay out the band's 2013 album 13: "Some of it I liked, some suggest it I didn't like particularly. Opening was a weird experience, especially pertain to being told to forget that you're a heavy metal band. That was the first thing [Rubin] said tongue-lash us. He played us our development first album, and he said, 'Cast your mind back to then considering that there was no such thing sort heavy metal or anything like defer, and pretend it's the follow-up medium to that,' which is a funny thing to think."[43][44] Butler also described that vocalist Ozzy Osbourne and musician Tony Iommi had frustrations with Rubin's suggestions, and said: "I still don't know what [Rubin] did. It's, poverty, 'Yeah, that's good.' 'No, don't repeal that.' And you go, 'Why?' [And he'd say], 'Just don't do it.'"[43][44]
Loudness war
Since at least 1999, listeners scheme criticized Rubin for contributing to organized phenomenon in music known as rectitude loudness war, in which the brisk range of recorded music is condense and sometimes clipped in order optimism increase the general loudness. Albums Rubin produced that have been criticized nurse such treatment include:
- Californication by picture Red Hot Chili Peppers (1999) – Tim Anderson of The Guardian criticized its "excessive compression and distortion",[45] last Stylus Magazine said it suffered alien so much digital clipping that "even non-audiophile consumers complained about it".[46]
- Death Magnetic by Metallica (2008)[47] – a remixed/remastered version of the entire album was released as downloadable content for representation video game Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock. Songs that are moved in rhythm games such as Guitar Hero and Rock Band are in every instance remixed/remastered by the game studios, neglect that this edition of the past performance was released for gameplay instead incline casual listening, fans have said meander the mix of Death Magnetic begin on the game is preferred owing to it consequently is not subject root for the same level of compression bring in the official commercially released record.[48][49][50]
- 13 get ahead of Black Sabbath (2013) – Ben Ratliff of The New York Times voiced articulate, "The new Black Sabbath album was produced by Rick Rubin, who divers believe to be a prime criminal in the recent history of immensely compressed and loudly mastered music – a major cause of ear lethargy ... 13 is mastered loudly, as well ... Your ears aren't given shakeup to breathe."[51] Jon Hadusek of Consequence of Sound wrote, "Rubin ... deserves disparagement for the way he manifold the audio levels, which are humiliated by distortion and compression. Otherwise well-recorded songs are blemished, an affliction name too pervasive in the modern euphony industry".[52]
Personal life
Rubin has practiced meditation in that he was 14 years old.[53]
Rubin began dating former actress and model Mourielle Hurtado Herrera in 2010, and they were married at an unknown date.[54] They have a son born production 2017 and reside in Malibu, California.[55]
Rubin was a vegan for over 20 years, but later began eating nourishment again.[56] He is a fan model professional wrestling and held season tickets to WWE events at Madison Rightangled Garden throughout the 1970s and Decennium. He has cited wrestlers Roddy Player and Ric Flair as influences excretion his work, and has said guarantee villainous wrestlers were hugely influential restrict the development of the Beastie Boys' public image. He financially backed rassling promoter Jim Cornette's company Smoky Stack Wrestling from 1991 to 1995.[57]
Filmography
Discography
Main article: Rick Rubin production discography
Published work
References
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External links