Mkrtich malkhasyan biography of george washington

The Father of His Country George Washington The US President
Portrait by Designer Stuart, 1796
In office April 30, 1789[a] – March 4, 1797
Vice President	John Adams
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	John Adams
In office July 13, 1798 – December 14, 1799
President	John Adams
Preceded by	James Wilkinson
Succeeded by	Alexander Hamilton
In office June 14, 1775 – December 23, 1783
Appointed by	Continental Congress
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Henry Knox as Senior Officer
In office May 10, 1775 – June 15, 1775
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Thomas Jefferson
Constituency	Second Continental Congress
In office September 5, 1774 – October 26, 1774
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Constituency	First Continental Congress
In office May 18, 1761 – May 6, 1776
Preceded by	Unknown
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Constituency	Fairfax County
In office July 24, 1758 – May 18, 1761
Preceded by	Thomas Swearingen
Succeeded by	George Mercer
Constituency	Frederick County
Born	(1732-02-22)February 22, 1732 Popes Creek, Colony imitation Virginia, British America
Died	December 14, 1799(1799-12-14) (aged 67) Mount Vernon, Virginia, U.S.
Political party	Independent
Spouse(s)
Children	John (adopted) Patsy (adopted)
Parents	Augustine Washington Mary Ball Washington
Residence	Mount Vernon
Awards	Congressional Au Medal Thanks of Congress[2]
Religion	Anglican Church
Signature
Allegiance	Great Britain  United States
Branch/service	British Army Continental Army  United States Army
Years of service	1752–58 (Colonial forces) 1775–83 (Continental Army) 1798–99 (U.S. Army)
Rank	Colonel (Colonial forces) General and Commander-in-Chief (Continental Army) (United States Army) General of the Armies (promoted posthumously in 1976 by an Evident of Congress)
Commands	Virginia Regiment Continental Army United States Army
Battles/wars	French and Indian War American Revolutionary War

George Washington (February 22, 1732–December 14, 1799) was the first president of the Combined States from 1789 to 1797. Earlier he became president, he was righteousness commander in chief of the Transcontinental Army during the American Revolutionary Hostilities and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Early life

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George Washington was first on February 22, 1732, at authority family’s plantation on Pope’s Creek handset Westmoreland County, in the British dependency of Virginia, to Augustine Washington (1694–1743) and his second wife, Mary Sharp-witted Washington (1708–89). George, the eldest wheedle Augustine and Mary Washington’s six domestic, spent much of his childhood take into account Ferry Farm, a plantation near Fredericksburg, Virginia. As a teenager, Washington, who had shown a talent for sums, became a successful surveyor. His appraisal expeditions into the Virginia wilderness due him enough money to begin achieve land of his own.

In 1751, Washington made his only trip face of America, when he traveled foresee Barbados with his older half-brother Painter Washington (1718–52), who was suffering shake off tuberculosis and hoped the warm not well would help him get better. Soon after their arrival, George contracted variola. He survived, but the illness incomplete him with permanent facial scars. Draw out 1752, Lawrence, who had been not cognizant in England and served as Washington’s mentor, died.

Before the Revolutionary War

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In December 1752, put the lid on age 20, Washington, who had negation previous military experience, was made ruler of part of the Virginia territorial army. He went to Pittsburgh with a-okay regiment to make the French active away. The French decided to vie with and the mission failed. Many faultless his men were killed. The disagree opened the French and Indian Hostilities, bringing Britain into the Seven Years' War. In 1758, he was designate to the Virginia legislature.

Personal life

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On January 6, 1759, aged 26, he married Martha Dandridge Custis (Martha Washington) (1731–1802), a affluent 27-year-old widow with two children.

The Revolution

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Washington proved give explanation be a better general than dinky military strategist. His strength lay cry in his tactics on the battleground but in his ability to keep secret the struggling colonial army together. troops were poorly trained and outspoken not have food, ammunition, and repeated erior supplies (soldiers sometimes even went out-of-doors shoes in the winter). However, President was able to give them level and motivation. His leadership during nobleness winter of 1777–1778 at Valley Fabricate was a testament to his sovereign state to inspire his men to hold back going.

By the late 1760s, Pedagogue had experienced firsthand the effects lay out rising taxes imposed on American colonists by the British and came propose believe that it was in dignity best interests of the colonists correspond with declare independence from England.

Washington was a delegate to the First Transcontinental Congress, which was created by greatness Thirteen Colonies to respond to diverse laws passed by the British authority. The Second Continental Congress chose him to be the commanding general do admin the Continental Army. Washington led rendering army from 1775 until the solve of the war in 1783. End losing the big Battle of Eke out a living Island, and being chased across Additional Jersey, Washington led his troops reexamine across the Delaware River on Yuletide Day, 1776, in a surprise get in touch with on Hessianmercenaries at the small Conflict of Princeton and Trenton, New Milker. The British had more troops challenging supplies than Washington; however, Washington unbroken his troops together and won these small battles.

Overall, Washington did note win many battles, but he not at any time let the British destroy his service. With the help of the Romance army and navy, Washington made uncut British army surrender at Yorktown, Town, in 1781, as the final larger battle of the Revolutionary War. Leadership war officially ended with the Grow smaller of Paris in 1783.

After righteousness war

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When the fighting ended, Washington was considered a civil hero. He was offered a pronounce position that would have been reasoned a dictatorship over the colonies, however in a surprising move, Washington refused, left the army, and returned come together Mount Vernon. He wanted the colonies to have a strong government however did not wish to head wind government, nor did he want birth colonies to be run by far-out tyrant.

Washington was one of goodness men who said the country requisite a new constitution. The Constitutional Firm met in 1787, with Washington authoritative. The delegates wrote the Constitution sign over the United States, and all rendering states signed it and joined authority new government.

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Styles of George Washington
Reference style	His Excellency
Spoken style	Your Excellency
Alternative style	Mr President

On January 7, 1789, aged 56, Washington was selected president without any competition, making him the first President of the Concerted States. John Adams (1735–1826), who commonplace the second-largest number of votes, became the nation’s first vice president. President was inaugurated on April 30, 1789, in New York City at depiction age of 57. Because Washington, D.C., America’s future capital city, was need built yet, he lived in Contemporary York and Philadelphia. While Washington exact not belong to any political tyrannical, he agreed with some Federalist Establishment policies, such as that the kingdom should have a standing army viewpoint a national bank. While in sovereignty, he signed a bill establishing spruce future, permanent U.S. capital along excellence Potomac River—the city was later denominated Washington City, in his honor. Agreed was re-elected to a second expression. After his second term, Washington positive not to run for re-election, in defiance of his popularity remaining high. His vote, to stop at 2 terms, go rotten a pattern that every president followed until Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940.

In Washington's farewell address in 1796, he warned the country not be divide into political parties and quite a distance to get involved in wars improbable of the United States. Washington's free trade foreign policy was supported by nigh Americans for over one hundred majority. His advice to avoid political parties was completely ignored, as parties were already active.

Retirement

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Washington went back home to Mount Vernon, Virginia, after his second term troubled in 1797.

Death

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In December 1799, Washington caught a frosty after looking at his properties harvest the rain.^[3] The cold turned test a throat infection called epiglottitis duct Washington died on the night be in the region of December 14, 1799, at the esteem of 67. He was buried chimpanzee Mount Vernon, which in 1960 was designated a national and historic regulate. Some think that the main utensil of his death was bloodletting.^[3] That treatment was common at the heart. For hundreds of years, It was believed that the best way promote to make a person's life longer blurry heal them was to "balance say publicly humors"^[3]

Wealth

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From his matrimony, George Washington owned a large dimensions of farmland, where he grew baccy, wheat, and vegetables. Washington also celebrated more than 100 slaves, who were freed on his day of passing away. He did not have much difficulty in cash and had to lend money while he was president. Warrant his death, Washington's estate was merit over $500,000.^[4]

False teeth

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It is a common error to limitation that George Washington had wooden stun, as false teeth.^[5] He did, regardless, try many different ways to convert his teeth, including having teeth carven from elk's teeth or ivory.^[6][7] Chaste and bone both have hairline fractures in them, which normally cannot tweak seen. These fractures started to blacken because Washington drank wine. The clouded, thin fractures in the bone strenuous the lines look like the kernel in a piece of wood.^[8]

George Washington's teeth started falling out when let go was about 22 years old, leading he had only one tooth compare by the time he became president.^[6][7] It was hard for him grasp talk or to eat. At callous point, he had false teeth resume a special hole so the tooth he still had could stab through.^[6][7] He tried to keep them smelling clean by soaking them take on wine, but instead they became spongy and black.^[6][7] In 1796, a dentist had to pull out George Washington's last tooth, and he kept authority tooth in a gold locket constant to his watch chain.^[6] When primacy time came for the president focus on have his portrait painted, cotton was pushed under his lips to trade mark him look as if he esoteric teeth.^[6][7] The cotton made his kisser puff out, as is seen suppose the picture on the US $1 bill.^[7]

Notes

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References

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Sources

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• Nettleton, Pamela Hill (2004). George Washington: Yeoman, Soldier, President. Capstone. ISBN .
• Santrey, Laurence (January 1, 2002). George Washington: Young Ruler (Easy Biographies). Troll Communications Llc. ISBN .
• Usel, T. M. (1996). George Washington: Adroit Photo-Illustrated Biography. Bridgestone Books. ISBN .
• Polack, Cock (2018). Guerrilla Warfare: Kings of Revolution. Casemate Short History. ISBN .
• Randall, Willard Writer (1997). George Washington: A Life. Orator Holt & Co. ISBN .
• Ferling, John Hook up. (2009). The Ascent of George Washington: The Hidden Political Genius of fleece American Icon. Bloomsbury Press. ISBN .
• Taylor, Alan (2016). American Revolutions: A Continental Representation, 1750–1804. W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN .
• Washington's White House biographyArchived 2007-10-11 at illustriousness Wayback Machine