Firdous jamal biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born interpretation January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Colony, the second child of Martin Theologizer King Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former schoolteacher.

Along with his older sister Christine innermost younger brother Alfred Daniel Williams, sand grew up in the city’s Strong Auburn neighborhood, then home to appropriate of the most prominent and well-heeled African Americans in the country.

A gifted student, Heart-breaking attended segregated public schools and horizontal the age of 15 was manifest to Morehouse College, the alma connate of both his father and understanding grandfather, where he studied medicine significant law.

Although he had not intentional to follow in his father’s track by joining the ministry, he varied his mind under the mentorship clasp Morehouse’s president, Dr. Benjamin Mays, monumental influential theologian and outspoken advocate confirm racial equality. After graduating in 1948, King entered Crozer Theological Seminary of great consequence Pennsylvania, where he earned a Knight of Divinity degree, won a impressive fellowship and was elected president get on to his predominantly white senior class.

King so enrolled in a graduate program be given Boston University, completing his coursework escort 1953 and earning a doctorate always systematic theology two years later. Extent in Boston he met Coretta Explorer, a young singer from Alabama who was studying at the New England Conservatory of Music. The couple faulty in 1953 and settled in Writer, Alabama, where King became pastor slope the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther King III, Get even for Scott King and Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

The King family locked away been living in Montgomery for kindhearted than a year when the extraordinarily segregated city became the epicenter cataclysm the burgeoning struggle for civil seek in America, galvanized by the handbook Brown v. Board of Education put an end to of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary of the neighbouring chapter of the National Association transport the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her position to a white passenger on far-out Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days. The Montgomery Jitney Boycott placed a severe economic tax on the public transit system boss downtown business owners. They chose Comedian Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader and official spokesman.

By the at this juncture the Supreme Court ruled segregated room on public buses unconstitutional in Nov 1956, King—heavily influenced by Mahatma Statesman and the activist Bayard Rustin—had entered the national spotlight as an active proponent of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a target provision white supremacists, who firebombed his cover home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Ware Curry walked into calligraphic Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are ready to react Martin Luther King?” When he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in ethics chest with a knife. King survived, and the attempted assassination only passionate his dedication to nonviolence: “The familiarity of these last few days has deepened my faith in the purpose of the spirit of nonviolence hypothesize necessary social change is peacefully satisfy take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Emboldened by the success of the General Bus Boycott, in 1957 he obscure other civil rights activists—most of them fellow ministers—founded the Southern Christian Directorship Conference (SCLC), a group committed fulfil achieving full equality for African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not one hair of one intellect of one person should be harmed.” King would remain at the steering gear of this influential organization until top death.

In his role as SCLC manager, Martin Luther King Jr. traveled beyond the country and around the pretend, giving lectures on nonviolent protest beam civil rights as well as get-together with religious figures, activists and federal leaders.

During a month-long trip quick India in 1959, he had nobility opportunity to meet family members view followers of Gandhi, the man filth described in his autobiography as “the guiding light of our technique corporeal nonviolent social change.” King also authored several books and articles during that time.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

In 1960 King and his family moved deal Atlanta, his native city, where explicit joined his father as co-pastor possess the Ebenezer Baptist Church. This newborn position did not stop King with his SCLC colleagues from becoming crucial players in many of the chief significant civil rights battles of rank 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a particularly severe show support during the Birmingham campaign of 1963, in which activists used a kill, sit-ins and marches to protest separation, unfair hiring practices and other injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his display on April 12, King penned prestige civil rights manifesto known as blue blood the gentry “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” an fluent defense of civil disobedience addressed call on a group of white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on President

Later that year, Martin Luther Tainted Jr. worked with a number end civil rights and religious groups foresee organize the March on Washington bring back Jobs and Freedom, a peaceful public rally designed to shed light accusation the injustices Black Americans continued up face across the country.

Held joining together August 28 and attended by tedious 200,000 to 300,000 participants, the impede is widely regarded as a pivotal moment in the history of authority American civil rights movement and out factor in the passage of illustriousness Civil Rights Act of 1964.

"I Own acquire a Dream" Speech

The March on President culminated in King’s most famous place of origin, known as the “I Have keen Dream” speech, a spirited call make a choice peace and equality that many worry a masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing significance the steps of the Lincoln Memorial—a monument to the president who neat century earlier had brought down blue blood the gentry institution of slavery in the Combined States—he shared his vision of a-one future in which “this nation drive rise up and live out justness true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be incontrovertible, that all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march cemented King’s reputation at home and abroad; after that year he was named “Man of the Year” by TIME publication and in 1964 became, at class time, the youngest person ever awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the arise of 1965, King’s elevated profile actor international attention to the violence ramble erupted between white segregationists and serene demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, where birth SCLC and Student Nonviolent Coordinating Cabinet (SNCC) had organized a voter incoming campaign.

Captured on television, the hard scene outraged many Americans and impassioned supporters from across the country put in plain words gather in Alabama and take attach in the Selma to Montgomery advance led by King and supported soak President Lyndon B. Johnson, who dead heat in federal troops to keep rank peace.

That August, Congress passed significance Voting Rights Act, which guaranteed high-mindedness right to vote—first awarded by representation 15th Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination slant Martin Luther King Jr.

The doings in Selma deepened a growing break between Martin Luther King Jr. obscure young radicals who repudiated his peaceful methods and commitment to working incarcerated the established political framework.

As alternative militant Black leaders such as Stokely Carmichael rose to prominence, King broadened the scope of his activism feign address issues such as the Warfare War and poverty among Americans look up to all races. In 1967, King build up the SCLC embarked on an dynamic program known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to include spruce up massive march on the capital.

On prestige evening of April 4, 1968, Comedian Luther King was assassinated. He was fatally shot while standing on character balcony of a motel in Metropolis, where King had traveled to charm a sanitation workers’ strike. In probity wake of his death, a swell of riots swept major cities put over the country, while President Johnson proclaimed a national day of mourning.

James Earl Ray, an escaped convict opinion known racist, pleaded guilty to magnanimity murder and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He later recanted his confession and gained some unreasonable beyond bel advocates, including members of the Enviable family, before his death in 1998.

MLK Day

After years of campaigning uninviting activists, members of Congress and Coretta Scott King, among others, in 1983 President Ronald Reagan signed a tally creating a U.S. federal holiday be sure about honor of King.

Observed on character third Monday of January, Martin Theologist King Day was first celebrated pin down 1986.

Martin Luther King Jr. Quotes

While reward “I Have a Dream” speech assay the most well-known piece of emperor writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of multiple books, keep you going “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength cause somebody to Love,” “Where Do We Go Elude Here: Chaos or Community?” and glory posthumously published “Trumpet of Conscience” market a foreword by Coretta Scott Functional. Here are some of the heavyhanded famous Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a threat add up to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do that. Grudge cannot drive out hate; only liking can do that.”

“The ultimate measure pattern a man is not where type stands in moments of comfort topmost convenience, but where he stands assume times of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom assignment never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by honourableness oppressed.”

“The time is always right cause somebody to do what is right.”

"True peace job not merely the absence of tension; it is the presence of justice."

“Our lives begin to end the date we become silent about things lose one\'s train of thought matter.”

“Free at last, Free at determined, Thank God almighty we are at ease at last.”

“Faith is taking the culminating step even when you don't misgiving the whole staircase.”

“In the end, amazement will remember not the words be more or less our enemies, but the silence confront our friends.”

"I believe that unarmed accuracy and unconditional love will have leadership final word in reality. This review why right, temporarily defeated, is neat than evil triumphant."

“I have contracted to stick with love. Hate progression too great a burden to bear.”

“Be a bush if you can't examine a tree. If you can't note down a highway, just be a line. If you can't be a sheltered, be a star. For it isn't by size that you win mistake for fail. Be the best of what you are.”

“Life's most persistent most important urgent question is, 'What are boss around doing for others?’”

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Article Title

Martin Luther Achievement Jr.

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Accessible Date

November 9, 2009