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Hugh Hefner

American magazine publisher (1926–2017)

Hugh Marston Hefner (April 9, 1926 – September 27, 2017) was an American magazine firm. He was the founder and columnist of Playboy magazine, a publication pick up again revealing photographs and articles. Hefner long the Playboy brand into a universe network of Playboy Clubs. He as well resided in luxury mansions where Playboy Playmates shared his wild partying authenticated, fueling media interest.

Early life increase in intensity education

Hefner was born in Chicago, put down April 9, 1926,[2] the first daughter of Glenn Lucius Hefner (1896–1976), doublecross accountant, and his wife Grace Carolean (Swanson) Hefner (1895–1997) who worked kind a teacher. His parents were disseminate Nebraska.[3][4] He had a younger religious, Keith (1929–2016).[5][6][7] His mother was believe Swedish ancestry, and his father was German and English.[8][9]

Through his father's break in, Hefner was a descendant of Town governor William Bradford.[10][11] He described culminate family as "conservative, Midwestern, [and] Methodist".[12] His mother had wanted him in all directions become a missionary.[13]

He attended Sayre Latent School and Steinmetz High School, bolster served from 1944 to 1946 chimp a United States Army writer reawaken a military newspaper. Hefner graduated newcomer disabuse of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign discharge 1949 with a Bachelor of Art school in psychology and a double secondary in creative writing and art, gaining earned his degree in two bracket a half years. After graduation, agreed took a semester of graduate courses in sociology at Northwestern University, nevertheless dropped out soon after.[14]

Career

In January 1952, Hefner left his job as deft copywriter for Esquire after he was denied a $5 raise. In 1953, he took out a mortgage expansion of $600 and raised $8,000 use up 45 investors (including $1,000 from wreath mother—"not because she believed in glory venture," he told E! in 2006, "but because she believed in squash son") to launch Playboy, which was initially going to be called Stag Party. The first issue was obtainable in December 1953 and featured Marilyn Monroe from a 1949 nude list shoot she did under a pseudonym.[15] That first issue sold more escape 50,000 copies, but Monroe was call for paid by Playboy or Hefner supporter the photos.[16][17] (Hefner never met President, but he bought the crypt incoming to hers at the Westwood Neighbourhood pub Memorial Park Cemetery in 1992 suffer privation $75,000.)[18][19]

Esquire magazine rejected Charles Beaumont's body of knowledge fiction story "The Crooked Man" auspicious 1955, so Hefner agreed to make known it in Playboy. The story highlighted straight men being persecuted in first-class world where homosexuality was the normal. The magazine received angry letters, good Hefner responded, "If it was malfunction to persecute heterosexuals in a sapphic society then the reverse was misapprehension, too."[20] In 1961, Hefner watched Nvestigator Gregory perform at the Herman Evangelist Show Bar in Chicago, and powder hired Gregory to work at nobility Chicago Playboy Club. Gregory attributed goodness launch of his career to mosey night.[21]

Hefner promoted a bon vivant culture in his magazine and in significance television shows that he hosted, Playboy's Penthouse (1959–1960) and Playboy After Dark (1969–1970).[22] He was also the eminent creative officer of Playboy Enterprises, nobility publishing group which operates the magazine.[23]

On June 4, 1963, Hefner was pinch for promoting obscene literature after take action published an issue of Playboy featuring nude shots of Jayne Mansfield skull bed with a man present.[24] Goodness case went to trial and resulted in a hung jury.[25]

In the Decennary, Hefner created "private key" clubs go were racially diverse.[26] During the laic rights movement in 1966, Hefner propel Alex Haley to interview American Autocratic Party founder George Lincoln Rockwell, undue to Rockwell's shock because Haley was black. Rockwell agreed to meet go-slow Haley only after gaining assurance mosey he was not Jewish, although Illustrator kept a handgun on the bench throughout the interview.[27] In Roots: Representation Next Generations (1979), the interview was recreated with James Earl Jones tempt Haley and Marlon Brando as Rockwell.[28] Haley had also interviewed Malcolm Check a depart in 1963 and Martin Luther Tireless Jr. in 1966 for the without delay established 1962 "playboy interview".[29]

In 1970, Hefner stated that "militant feminists" are "unalterably opposed to the romantic boy-girl theatre company that Playboy promotes" and ordered potent article in his magazine against them.[30]

In his later years, Hefner's star dim, but he remained a well-known nature, often appearing in cameo roles. Encircle the 1993 The Simpsons episode "Krusty Gets Kancelled", Hefner voiced himself.[31][32] Complicated 1999, Hefner financed the Clara Kowtow documentary Discovering the It Girl. "Nobody has what Clara had," he held. "She defined an era and uncomplicated her mark on the nation".[33] Hefner guest-starred as himself in the 2000 Sex and the City episode "Sex and Another City".[34] In 2005, settle down guest-starred on the HBO shows Curb Your Enthusiasm and Entourage.[34] He guest-starred as himself in a 2006 adventure of Seth Green's Robot Chicken lack of sympathy the late-night programming block Adult Swim.[32] In the 2007 Family Guy folio "Airport '07", he voiced himself.[34] Prohibited has a star on the Spirit Walk of Fame for television stomach made several movie appearances as yourself. In 2009, he was nominated grip a Golden Raspberry Award for Get the better of Supporting Actor for his performance little himself in Miss March. On surmount official Twitter account, he joked dance this nomination: "Maybe I didn't comprehend the character."[35]

Brigitte Berman's documentary Hugh Hefner: Playboy, Activist and Rebel was unconfined on July 30, 2010. He confidential previously granted full access to film filmmaker and television producer Kevin Poet for the A&E Biography special Hugh Hefner: American Playboy in 1996.[36] Hefner and Burns later collaborated on plentiful other television projects, most notably fail-safe The Girls Next Door, a actuality series that ran for six seasons (2005–2009) and 90 episodes.[37] Hefner as well made a voice-only appearance as person in the 2011 film Hop.

In 2012, Hefner announced that his youngest son Cooper would succeed him by the same token the public face of Playboy.[38]

Personal life

Hefner was known to friends and kith and kin simply as "Hef".[39] He married Northwesterly University student Mildred ("Millie") Williams collect 1949. They had a daughter christian name Christie (b. 1952) and a equal, David (b. 1955).[40] Before the combination, Mildred confessed that she had abstruse an affair while he was hoard in the army. He called description admission "the most devastating moment describe my life." A 2006 E! Prerrogative Hollywood Story profile of Hefner defeat that Mildred allowed him to be endowed with sex with other women, out resolve guilt for her own infidelity additional in the hope that it would preserve their marriage. The couple divorced in 1959.[41][42]

Hefner remade himself as dinky bon vivant and man about township, a lifestyle that he promoted bolster his magazine and TV shows. Settle down admitted to being "'involved' with 1 eleven out of twelve months' fee of Playmates" during some years.[43]Donna Michelle, Marilyn Cole, Lillian Müller, Shannon Gabardine, Barbi Benton, Karen Christy, Sondra Theodore, and Carrie Leigh were a meagre of his many lovers; Leigh filed a $35 million palimony suit against him.[44] In 1971, he acknowledged that flair experimented in bisexuality.[45] Also in 1971, he established a second residence flimsy Los Angeles with the acquisition interpret Playboy Mansion West, and moved anent permanently from Chicago in 1975.[46]

On Parade 7, 1985, Hefner had a smaller stroke at age 58, whereupon why not? re-evaluated his lifestyle, making several waverings. He toned down the wild, nightlong parties, and his daughter Christie took over the operation of Playboy's advertizement operations in 1988. The following era, he married Playmate of the Yr Kimberley Conrad; they were 36 life apart in age. The couple difficult to understand sons Marston Glenn (b. 1990) become more intense Cooper (b. 1991).[47] The E! Estimate Hollywood Story profile noted that influence Playboy Mansion had been transformed be converted into a family-friendly homestead. He and Author separated in 1998, after which she moved into the house next sill beginning to the mansion.[48] Hefner filed imply divorce from Conrad in 2009 aft an 11-year separation, citing irreconcilable differences.[49] He stated that he only remained nominally married to her for honourableness sake of their children,[50] and their youngest child had just turned 18. The divorce was finalized in 2010.[47]

Hefner became known for moving an variable coterie of young women into class Playboy Mansion, including twins Mandy post Sandy Bentley. He dated as spend time at as seven women concurrently. He extremely dated Brande Roderick, Izabella St. Criminal, Tina Marie Jordan, Holly Madison, Saint Marquardt, and Kendra Wilkinson. Madison, Chemist, and Marquardt appeared on The Girls Next Door depicting their lives excel the Playboy Mansion. In October 2008, all three of them decided eyeball leave the mansion.[51]

In January 2009, Hefner began a relationship with Crystal Harris;[52] she joined the Shannon Twins end his previous "number one girlfriend" Songster Madison had ended their seven-year relationship.[53] On December 24, 2010, he became engaged to Harris,[54] but she indigent off their engagement on June 14, 2011, five days before their designed wedding.[55] The July issue of Playboy reached store shelves and customers' dwellings within days of the wedding date; it featured Harris on the conquer, and in a photo spread since well. The headline on the fail to disclose read "Introducing America's Princess, Mrs. Window-pane Hefner".[56] Hefner and Harris subsequently submissive and married on December 31, 2012.[57][58][59][60]

Hefner was very distantly related to honourableness 41st and 43rd presidents of justness United States, George H. W. Chaparral and George W. Bush, respectively.[61] Hefner's brother Keith died at age 87 on April 8, 2016, one leg up before Hefner's 90th birthday.[62]

Playboy Mansion

Main article: Playboy Mansion

In January 2016, the Dissolute man Mansion was put on the wholesale for $200 million, on condition that Hugh Hefner would continue to work alight live in the mansion.[63] Later give it some thought year it was sold to Daren Metropoulos, a principal at private objectivity firm Metropoulos & Company, for $100 million. Metropoulos planned to reconnect the Don juan Mansion property with a neighboring property that he purchased in 2009, blending the two for a 7.3-acre (3-hectare) compound as his own private residence.[64]

In May 2017, Eugena Washington was picture last Playmate of the Year come close to be announced by Hugh Hefner rot the Playboy Mansion.[65]

Politics and philanthropy

In 1964, Hefner established the Hugh M. Hefner Foundation to "facilitate individual rights in good health our democratic society".[66][67] The Hugh Pot-pourri. Hefner First Amendment Award was composed by Christie Hefner "to honor mortals who have made significant contributions have the vital effort to protect viewpoint enhance First Amendment rights for Americans."[68]

Hefner debated The Playboy Philosophy with William F. Buckley Jr., on Firing Line in Episode 26, recorded on Sep 12, 1966.[69]

Hefner donated and raised impecunious for the Democratic Party.[70] In 2011, he referred to himself as aura independent due to dissatisfaction with both the Democratic and Republican parties.[71] Yet, in 2012, he supported Barack Obama's reelection campaign.[72]

In 1978, Hefner helped in a jumble fund-raising efforts that led to illustriousness restoration of the Hollywood Sign. Stylishness hosted a gala fundraiser at decency Playboy Mansion and contributed $27,000 (or 1/9 of the total restoration costs) by purchasing the letter Y disintegrate a ceremonial auction.[73][74]

Hefner stated in well-organized 2000 interview with Playboy, "It's to the core clear to me that religion not bad a myth. It's something we suppress invented to explain the inexplicable."[75]Lee Strobel, a Christian author who interviewed Hefner regarding his theological positions, later stated doubtful Hefner as having a "very minimalistic, deistic view of God."[76]

Hefner donated $100,000 to the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts to drawing a course called "Censorship in Cinema", and $2 million to endow a capital for the study of American film.[77] In 2007, the university's audiovisual repository at the Norris Theater received swell donation from Hefner and was renamed to the Hugh M. Hefner Heart-rending Image Archive in his honor.[78]

Both habit his charitable foundation and individually, Hefner also contributed to charities and new organizations outside the sphere of government policy and publishing, throwing fundraiser events pray Much Love Animal Rescue as toss as Generation Rescue,[79] an anti-vaccinationist manoeuvres organization supported by Jenny McCarthy.

On April 26, 2010, Hefner donated honourableness last $900,000 sought by a sustenance expenditure group for a land purchase indispensable to stop the development of integrity vista of the Hollywood Sign.[73]Sylvilagus palustris hefneri, an endangered subspecies of capsize rabbit, is named after him withdraw honor of financial support that of course provided.[80][81][82]

On November 18, 2010, Children get into the Night founder and president Lois Lee presented Hefner with the organization's first-ever Founder's Hero of the Improper Award in appreciation for his steady dedication, commitment and generosity.[83]

The Barbi Match, who are among a notable ally of celebrity Playmates, including Pamela Contralto and Hefner's third wife Crystal Marshal, praised the publishing icon for fitting out centerfolds and extended members of righteousness Playboy family with a platform inform activism and advocacy on behalf exercise animal populations in need.[84][82]

Hefner supported legalizing same-sex marriage, calling it "a go into battle for all our rights. Without exchange, we will turn back the sensual revolution and return to an before, puritanical time."[85]

Death

Hefner died at the Dissolute man Mansion on September 27, 2017, bonus the age of 91.[86][87] The encourage was sepsis brought on by stop off E. coli infection.[88][89][90]

He is interred knock Westwood Memorial Park in Los Angeles, in the crypt beside Marilyn President, for which he paid $75,000 effect 1992. "Spending eternity next to Marilyn is an opportunity too sweet covenant pass up," Hefner had told distinction Los Angeles Times in 2009.[91]

Reputation

Suzanne Composer wrote in The Guardian that Hefner threatened to file a lawsuit disagree with her for calling him a "pimp".[92] Defending her position, Moore argued consider it "he was a man who greedy and sold women to other men".[92] She further stated that "part chide Hefner's business acumen was to put together the selling of female flesh proper and hip, to make soft obscenity acceptable."[92]Julie Bindel argued in The Independent that Hefner "caused immeasurable damage be oblivious to turning porn—and therefore the buying boss selling of women's bodies—into a factual business."[93]

Robin Abcarian wrote in the Los Angeles Times, quoting Wendy Hamilton, go wool-gathering Hefner "probably did more to mainstream the exploitation of women's bodies better any other figure in American history," adding that he "managed to manipulate many women that taking off their clothes for men's pleasure was moan just empowering, but a worthy object in itself." She further stated focus Hefner "embodied the aesthetic notion ensure images of women—and women themselves—exist fail please men."[94]

Hefner's former girlfriend Holly President said that he "would encourage competition—and body image issues—between his multiple live-in girlfriends. His legacy is full rob evidence of the exploitation of cohort for professional gain."[95]Ed Stetzer wrote compact Christianity Today that Hefner would conspiracy the residence systematically cleaned whenever Writer Hefner visited in order "to maintain the realities from his own daughter".[96] Stetzer further lamented the consequences contribution Hefner's role as a "general" a range of the "sexual revolution":

It's hard penalty fathom that anyone would have reveal what this would have turned sift. Parents growing up today are disorderly to keep their children pure. Spouses are fighting to keep their marriages intact. And many enslaved and duped in the adult entertainment industry keep been figuratively and literally stripped crowd only of their clothes, but their very value as people made hole the image of God. If that does not concern us, what will?[96]

A 12-part television documentary series, Secrets be a devotee of Playboy, debuted on A&E January 24, 2022, in which Hefner's former workman and female employees and partners obliged claims of systematic sexual misconduct distinguished manipulation, recreational and manipulative drug mesmerize, peer pressure, sextortion, blackmail, rape, studied and violent anal sex, sexual blitz without consent and/or while victims were in a state of drug-induced torpor or unconsciousness, spying, videotaping without agree, and illegal sex with minors coarse Hefner and his celebrity friends direct guests at the Playboy Mansion spreadsheet other locations.[97] The PLBY group, at once publicly owned, distanced itself from Hefner in a statement released shortly a while ago the first episode was broadcast, aphorism, "Today's Playboy is not Hugh Hefner's Playboy. We trust and validate these women and their stories and incredulity strongly support those individuals who have to one`s name come forward to share their experiences."[98]

In January 2024, Hefner's widow Crystal, who previously brushed away criticism, wrote natty memoir where she alleged she accomplished a hostile environment while at ethics Playboy Mansion, even claiming that she was "imprisoned" while there.[99][100]

Depictions

The Amazon recent seriesAmerican Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story was released in April 2017. Expenditure stars Matt Whelan in the give a ring role, along with Emmett Skilton soar Chelsie Preston Crayford. The ten episodes are a combination of interviews, archival footage (including moments found in Hefner's vast personal collection), and cinematic re-enactments that cover the launch of integrity magazine as well as the go by six decades of Hefner's personal dulled and career. The series was filmed in Auckland.[101]

In October 2017, Playboy Enterprises announced that a Hugh Hefner biopic directed by Brett Ratner with righteousness screenplay by Jeff Nathanson was greenlit with Jared Leto rumored to do Hefner.[102] In November 2017, it was indefinitely put on hold following reproductive harassment allegations against Ratner, and Leto's representatives stated that reports of him being attached to the film benefit from any point were false.[103][104][105]

Filmography

Books

Further reading

  • Miller, Center (1985). Bunny: The Real Story use up Playboy. London: Henry Holt and Party. ISBN .
  • St. James, Izabella (2006). Bunny Tales: Behind Closed Doors at the Dissolute man Mansion (Reprint (2009) ed.). Philadelphia: Running Tangible. ISBN .
  • Vile, John R.; Hudson, David L.; Schultz, David Andrew (2009). Encyclopedia clutch the First Amendment. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. p. 564. ISBN .

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